Taxonomic revision of the threatened African genus <i>Pseudohydrosme</i> Engl. (Araceae), with <i>P. ebo</i>, a new, critically endangered species from Ebo, Cameroon

This is the first revision in more than 100 years of African genus Pseudohydrosme , formerly considered endemic to Gabon. Closely related Anchomanes distinct from because its 2-3-locular ovary (vs. unilocular), peduncle concealed by cataphylls at anthesis and far shorter spathe exposed, exceeding spathe), stipitate fruits viviparous (asexually reproductive) roots sessile, non-viviparous), lack laticifers present) differences spadix: proportions presentation. However, it possible that a well sampled molecular phylogenetic analysis might show one these genera nested inside other. In this case synonymisation will be required. Three species, new science, are recognised, two sections. Although doubt has previously been cast on value recognising buettneri Gabon, here accepted maintained as species monotypic section, Zyganthera . probably globally extinct. gabunensis type genus, also Gabonese but extending Congo, Sect. together with ebo sp.nov Ebo Forest, Littoral Region, Cameroon, addition since nineteenth century, which extends range 450 km north into Cross-Sanaga biogeographic area. The discovery resulted series surveys for conservation management triggered article. All three morphologically characterised, their habitat biogeography discussed, extinction risks respectively assessed Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct), using IUCN standard. Clearance forest logging, followed agriculture or urbanisation major threats. may occur formally protected area cultivated widely infrequently Europe, Australia USA spectacular inflorescences.